The Art and Science of Facial Reconstruction: Restoring Form and Function
Facial reconstruction surgery is not just a medical procedure, but a complex and challenging process. It demands incredible precision, an understanding of the intricate interplay of the muscles, ligaments, bones, and tendons of the face and skull, and an awareness of the patient’s aesthetic concerns. When a patient has suffered a traumatic facial injury, the physical damage is compounded by the emotional toll taken by pain and the damage to their appearance.
The Oral Surgeon’s Role
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are uniquely equipped to handle the complexities of facial reconstruction. Their extensive training, including four to six years of additional training in a surgical residency program, prepares them for the challenges of treating facial trauma patients. Our surgeons have pursued additional training in facial reconstruction, including surgical techniques for treating soft tissue trauma and jaw injuries, to keep current with the latest techniques for optimal patient outcomes.
Facial reconstruction is particularly difficult because it involves three distinct components: the underlying bone structure that supports facial features, the musculature responsible for facial mobility, and the skin and soft tissues responsible for appearance.
Bone Structure
The bones of the face protect some of the body’s most delicate features, including the eyes, teeth, and nasal passages. Broken orbital bones, cheekbones, or jawbones must be reconstructed to properly support the face’s muscle and soft tissues, protect the eyes and other facial features, and restore a normal appearance.
Musculature
The muscles and ligaments of the face control the most complex joints in the human body, including the temporomandibular joints that control jaw movement. Our surgeons are experts in how these muscles work in relation to the bones of the face for smooth, comfortable movement. Repairing damaged or torn muscles and ligaments requires a deft touch and an understanding of the relationship between the underlying bones and the function of the muscles. Facial reconstruction must ensure that repaired muscles will allow the patient to eat, speak, and breathe freely without constriction.
Skin and Soft Tissues
The soft tissues and skin of the face give the face expression, beauty, and individuality. This is where facial reconstruction becomes an art. When a traumatic injury has broken a nose or crushed the jawbone, facial reconstruction can restore an individual’s appearance through careful use of advanced techniques. These injuries are complicated by the abundance of underlying blood vessels, nerves, muscles, and glands that must be considered. Our surgeons’ familiarity with the complexities of facial anatomy ensures beautiful restorative surgery for facial reconstruction patients.
Psychological Considerations
The emotional impact of traumatic facial injuries is often as significant as the physical damage. When an individual looks in the mirror and doesn’t recognize themselves or is shocked by their appearance, it can be psychologically devastating. Compassion and understanding are essential when working with patients who have suffered a sudden, traumatic injury that can’t be “hidden” from the world.
Our surgeons work with their patients to perform the needed surgeries to repair their injuries and provide them with resources for rehabilitation and support. In restoring their appearance and ability to breathe, eat, and speak comfortably, we help them confidently return to their normal lives. Our approach is grounded in meticulous planning, understanding of facial anatomy, patient education, attention to detail, and dedication to achieving something extraordinary for each patient. The results can be life-changing.